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Parallels can be drawn between ASMÁ Praxis™, the
emancipatory or liberative social service dimension of ASMÁ, and certain concepts in
various religious communties. Only four will be mentioned.
As expressed in some of the Judaisms, the translation of the
Hebrew, and Lurianic Kabbalistic, term, tikkun olam, is repairing the world. Through its
reinterpretation by the Jewish Renewal Movement, it has
become a clarion call for environmental custodianship, peace, and
social justice for the poor.
The word jihád is
Arabic for struggle, not for
holy war. Many Islámic moderates have situated its
significance in the wrestling with one's nafs (Arabic cognate of the Hebrew
nefesh), the multiple planes
of the lower nature or ego,
and in an exertion for human equity, peace, and the the rights of the
poor. From their standpoint, only jiháds which are purposefully
defensive, of one's own or another religious community, should be
sanctioned on the battlefield.
With respect to Christianity, a myriad of liberals and
postliberals, including those identifying with Every Church a Peace Church
or Sojourners, promote inclusiveness, peace, and
social justice among both Christians and those of other faiths. In the
United States, the United Church of Christ and the
Disciples of Christ are two of the
more open and progressive denominations.
All who believed were together and held everything in common, and
they began selling their property and possessions and distributing
the proceeds to everyone, as anyone had need. Every day they
continued to gather together by common consent in the temple courts,
breaking bread from house to house, sharing their food with glad and
humble hearts, praising God and having the good will of all the
people. And the Lord was adding to their number every day those who
were being saved.
-- Acts 2:44-47 (from NET
Bible)
Jesus also appears to have believed, that
the worthiness of individuals to inherit the Kingdom of God will be
judged on evidence of their benevolence toward the poor. This
text provides the locus classicus for his position:
When the Son of Man comes in his glory and all the angels with him,
then he will sit on his glorious throne.
All the nations will be assembled before him, and he will separate
people one from another like a shepherd separates the sheep from the
goats. He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left.
Then the king will say to those on his right, "Come, you who are
blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the
foundation of the world. For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was
thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you
invited me in, I was naked and you gave me clothing, I was sick and
you took care of me, I was in prison and you visited me."
Then the righteous will answer him, "Lord, when did we see you hungry
and feed you, or thirsty and give you something to drink? When did we
see you a stranger and invite you in, or naked and clothe you? When
did we see you sick or in prison and visit you?
"
And the king will answer them, "I tell you the truth, just as you did
it for one of the least of these brothers or sisters of mine, you did
it for me."
"Then he will say to those on his left, "Depart from me, you
accursed, into the eternal fire that has been prepared for the devil
and his angels! For I was hungry and you gave me nothing to eat, I
was thirsty and you gave me nothing to drink.
I was a stranger and you did not receive me as a guest, naked and
you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me."
Then they too will answer, "Lord, when did we see you hungry or
thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not
give you whatever you needed?"
Then he will answer them, "I tell you the truth, just as you did not
do it for one of the least of these, you did not do it for me. And
these will depart into eternal punishment, but the righteous into
eternal life."
-- Matthew 25:31-46 (from NET
Bible)
Christ clearly expected His followers to serve the poor, and He
assessed their qualification for eternal life, in the Kingdom of His
Father, on the basis of their philanthropy. "And whoever does not
take up his cross and follow me is not worthy of me," (Matthew 10:38,
NET Bible), He is quoted as
saying.
In a similar vein, the Apostle James asserted that "... faith
without works is dead" (James 2:26, NET Bible). While not necessarily
inconsistent with Paul's condemnation of faithless works as indicative
of self-righteousness, James would seem to have considered a workless
faith to be a contradiction in terms.
Finally, from a Bahá'í standpoint, faith and works,
or conforming oneself to God's Will, are inseparable and, for all
intents and purposes, identical. Faith implies works, and, according to
Shoghi Effendi:
Is not faith but another word for implicit obedience, whole-hearted
allegiance, uncompromising adherence to that which we believe is the
revealed and express will of God, however perplexing it might first
appear, however at variance with the shadowy views, the impotent
doctrines, the crude theories, the idle imaginings, the fashionable
conceptions of a transient and troublous age?
-- Shoghi Effendi, Bahá'í Administration,
page 62
Regarding the poor, Bahá'u'lláh wrote:
O YE RICH ONES ON EARTH!
The poor in your midst are My trust; guard ye My trust, and be not
intent only on your own ease.
-- Bahá'u'lláh, The
Persian Hidden Words, number 54
And the Universal House of Justice sharply criticized the
ideology supporting corporate capitalism for tending:
... to callously abandon starving millions to the operations of a
market system that all too clearly is aggravating the plight of the
majority of mankind, while enabling small sections to live in a
condition of affluence scarcely dreamed of by our forebears.
-- The Universal House of Justice, The Promise of World Peace
Briefly, a unity in diversity, given the spectrum of talents and
interests of individuals, of categories in Bahá'í
service projects are those involving an active participation in
social and economic development.
Opportunities for volunteerism could run the gamut from assisting
non-profit agencies with low-income families and individuals to,
perhaps more ambitiously, designing programs for aiding displaced
victims, especially the poor, of natural and man-made disasters or
planning and building intentional communities for the poor and
disenfranchised. The last two of these projects are likely better
suited to regional, rather than strictly local, operation.
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